Families Affected By Mental Illness - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1487 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2018/12/26 Category Health Essay Type Research paper Level High school Tags: Mental Health Essay Did you like this example? Introduction: A lot of mental challenges make the life of a patient miserable since they are unable to live a normal life. The differences between the life of a mentally stable and mentally ill person are different, and their quality of life differs. The challenges affect not only the patient but also their families. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Families Affected By Mental Illness" essay for you Create order The families suffer stress which then develops into more advanced psychological problems. The social distance between a patient and relatives also increases once the patient becomes a burden to them when their lives demand support by other people. The society stigmatizes the patients and their family, and this makes the life of the entire family uncomfortable (Thornicroft, 2006). Different families use different approaches to solve the challenges that come with mental illness of a family member. Also, most of the families need different kinds of help such as counseling, financial and medical depending on capabilities of the families. Due to lack of financial abilities and believing in traditional healers, many of the families chose the traditional healers over professionals who deal with mentally challenged patients. However, there are others who never seek any help, and it remains unclear why they never take any action towards ensuring they seek assistance so that they can recover (Link, et al, 2001). However, although many people know that their relatives are suffering from mental illness, they never consider it as a serious matter. Some consider it as a curse, witchcraft, and possession by evil spirits. They at times seek divine intervention from the religious leaders. The patient is accused of being the main contributor. The majority of patients never seek support for their patients because they fear victimization. Even those who have relatives who know how to deal with mental illness find it difficult to humble themselves and seek support since they expect the disorder to heal on its own. Consequently, only a few of the cases are brought to the attention of the relevant authorities. The burden of the illness is mainly on the shoulders of the family members, and they also suffer stress. Needs: The needs of the relatives with people living with mental illness are mostly neglected because only a few individuals and institutions are willing to listen to their issues and the challenges they go through in their day-to-day life. The best outcomes can be obtained if people can start addressing the needs of such families in the public domain. Addressing such challenges in a public platform will create awareness and well-wishers will come up and volunteer to drive the agenda further to personal levels. Nursing professionals should also join the efforts and help their clients understand more about the topic. Awareness will create some improvement regarding skills the victim have and how they use the tips to improve their quality of life. The skills will include how to do parenting, and how to overcome pressures from family members and friends. The needy families should be offered assistance for them to get awareness about institutions that can help them. Issues: Many families are going through psychological disorder because they have mentally ill patients. There a considerably large number of mentally ill individuals. The current estimations state that people affected by mental illness are as high as four hundred and fifty million. Out of the four hundred and fifty million people affected by the illness, thirty-seven individuals have dementia, twenty-four million people have schizophrenia, and twelve one hundred and twenty-one individuals suffer from depression. In 2001, about twelve percent of the disease affecting human in the world was people suffering from mental challenges. The unipolar disorder is estimated to become the second disease leading to disabilities by the year 2020. The relatives are the once who bear the responsibility of looking after the mentally ill patients since they are unable to carry out most of their daily personal duties. Problems: Many psychological challenges result from the mental illnesses. The problems resulting from mental illness include deteriorating standards of life for patients and relatives (?–stman, Kjellin, 2002). The society abandons families with mentally ill patients because of their patient. They suffer stigmatization and humiliation by the public because of the patients. Mentally sick individuals go through a lot of problems which affect their lives and behaviors. They are times involved in bad activities such as crimes. Some of them end up in prison since it becomes very hard for the family members to control their behaviors. Population Affected by mental illness: The total number of people who suffer directly or indirectly from the diseases is estimated to be forty-two million five hundred thousand (Saunders, 2003). Out of the total population of grown up individuals in The United States, eighteen percent of them are affected, either directly or indirectly, by mental illnesses. Target Population: Mental disorders are seen in people of all ages. But it usually starts when people are at their young ages. However, it is not clear what age group is mostly affected by mental illness. It, therefore, becomes hard to know the group the preventive measures will focus on. Goals: Families who suffer psychological problems because they have mentally ill patients can be assisted by offering them with family therapies. Family therapy serves two purposes. The first purpose is to create awareness which will help people offer support to the patients going through different treatments procedures (Corrigan, et al, 2001). With the necessary support from the whole communities, patients and their families can stick to the recovery process. Getting critical supports eradicates relapse. The second goal is to ensure the relatives get necessary emotional support so that they can recover quickly (Phelan, 2005). Objectives: Different families have differently believed, and they require personalized strategies. Those individuals offering support need to listen to those they want to support and understand how they will deal with their beliefs to encourage them to participate in such activities (Goldberg, Huxley, 2003). The strategies will be adjusted depending on the level of success realized. The families should have the liberty to accept or reject proposed strategies and recommend others if they are mentally capable. Support personnel should not become the victims to attend the support sessions, and they should be allowed to decide when to attend (Hinshaw, 2009). The main objective will be to let help victims recover without discouraging them or making them feel like the programs are forced into them. Methods: Prevention The program supported under this proposal will run for one year. Within the one year, the first month will be dedicated to registering patients and the affected families. After the registration program is over, then the training and therapy will start. By the end of the twelve months, the families will have received enough training and counseling, and they will be in a position to offer advice to other affected individuals. The counseling will offer mental support to ill individuals, and as a result, there will be reduced suicide cases. Integrated treatment combined with early intervention The program will run for twelve months. The first month will focus on registering sick and affected individuals. Once they are registered, the staff will support them, and they will implement health policies developed by the group through consultation with the affected families and individuals. Every individual is expected to have recovered in six months. Recovery services To help the affected individuals improve their quality of life, they will be offered services that will uplift them and offer a better life and prevent lapses. Recovery services will be offered from the sixth month to those who complete the counseling program. But those who cannot raise finances for basic needs will be given some money to help them pay for basic needs and motivate them to take part in the program. Those who complete the program will be offered jobs, housing, and other support services that will be run by their peers. This service will be offered to those who have a frail family support and have no source of income. References Thornicroft, G. (2006). Shunned: discrimination against people with mental illness. New York. Saunders, J. C. (2003). Families living with severe mental illness: A literature review. Issues in mental health nursing, 24(2), 175-198. Goldberg, D., Huxley, P. (Eds.). (2003). Mental illness in the community: the pathway to psychiatric care (Vol. 3). Psychology Press. Corrigan, P. W., Edwards, A. B., Green, A., Diwan, S. L., Penn, D. L. (2001). Prejudice, social distance, and familiarity with mental illness. Schizophrenia bulletin, 27(2), 219. Phelan, J. C. (2005). Geneticization of Deviant Behavior and Consequences for Stigma: The Case of Mental Illness —. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 46(4), 307-322. –stman, M., Kjellin, L. (2002). Stigma by association. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 181(6), 494-498. Hinshaw, S. P. (2009). The mark of shame: Stigma of mental illness and an agenda for change. Oxford University Press. World Health Organization. (2003). Investing in mental health. Link, B. G., Struening, E. L., Neese-Todd, S., Asmussen, S., Phelan, J. C. (2001). Stigma as a barrier to recovery: The consequences of stigma for the self-esteem of people with mental illnesses. Psychiatric services, 52(12), 1621-1626.

Fast Break Essay examples - 743 Words

Fast Break nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The most exciting play in basketball is the fast break. This poem outlines every detail of the fast break and does a great job using the words to create a fantastic visual for the reader. The title of the poem, â€Å"Fast Break,† is actually what the whole poem is describing. The visual that is created is one of the reasons this poem is so appealing. My love for the game of basketball, more specifically at the collegiate level is another reason why this poem catches my attention. The author, Edward Hirsch, is probably the speaker and also a coach or fan of the team that is playing. I would say that he was a player, but all five players of the team are outlined in the poem and it’s not written in the†¦show more content†¦The man with the ball now is probably the shooting guard who also quickly passes the ball up to point guard who is already sprinting down court past the defenders. Another insinuation that this team has an offense based on the fast break is the forwards hustling down the court as soon as one of their team-mates has the ball. With an unquestionable advantage down court, probably three on one or two the point guard feeds one of his forwards the ball. Now towards the end of the fast break, and the poem, the forwards share the ball as if playing hot potato until the single defender remaining down court commits to the wrong man. The final man with the ball is one of the forwards to unexpectedly loses his balance while making the lay-up and crashes down to the floor, but from the flat of his back he sees the ball fall successfully through the net. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are some powerful forms of imagery and good figures of speech in this poem as well specifically at the conclusion of the poem. The most influential form of imagery in this poem is the final stanza. The final aspect of the play would be the ball going through the hoop to score two points. A compelling visual image is used to conclude the poem, â€Å"†¦to see any orange blur floating perfectly through theShow MoreRelatedSlam, Dunk and Hook, and Fast Break 598 Words   |  2 Pages In the game of basketball there are two items that are required to play, a ball and a hoop. In the poems Slam, Dunk and Hook by Yusef Komunyakaa and Fast Break by Edward Hirsch, the authors describe the sport of basketball in their own views. Depending on where you are, people view basketball differently. Basketball may be a mans best friend. The court may be a home for some. In these poems, the authors view the game of basketball entirely different. The correspondence am idst a player and theRead MoreEssay about Breakdancing940 Words   |  4 Pagesmoves (power moves), and freeze. B-boying came from Bronx, NY. 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Concert Report - Jazz free essay sample

For this Jazz concert report, I chose to attend the opening night of the 2013 Bruce Festival on Monday, March 18th from 7-9:pm In Stockton, at Valley Brewers Take 5. I had never been to Valley Brew before and was pleasantly surprised of the warm and casual ambiance. The building had a Chicago-type feel with brick walls, and exposed ducts and pipes; super laid back. The south end of the building away from the restaurant and main bar is where the Jazz concert was held.This room was a swanky, modern-meets-the-asss styled room with warm colored walls (one being the exposed brick carrying through from the brewery), and low lights from beaded handlers. The stage was set In the back corner of the room, all set for an 18- member big band. I was happy to see a bar at the entrance, where I got a glass of wine and sat down front and center stage at one of the many candle-lit, round tables for a night of Jazz. The concert featured two sets from the Brian Kindlier Big Band with Janice Gaffe lending her voice to five of the pieces played.The all male band was comprised of baritone saxophones, tenor saxophones, alto saxophones, bass trombones, trumpets, a clarinet (occasional), a guitar, a piano, an upright bass, and drums. The first set consisted of 8 pieces: Soupà §ons, by John Clayton; Check De Sadder (No More Blues), by Stan Get: Ascending, by Fred Strum; When I Fall in Love, (composer not announced) Janice Gaffe on vocals; Relax Max, by Side Wayne, Janice Gaffe on vocals; Speak, by James (last name inaudible); Alone Together, (composer unannounced) Janice Gaffe on vocals; and Sing, Sing, Sing, by Benny Goodman.After about a twenty minute break, the band returned for the second set consisting of 7 more pieces: Easy Money, by Benny Carter; Beatrice, by Sam Rivers; All The Way, (composer not announced) Janice Gaffe on vocals; Touch of Your Love, composer not announced) Janice Gaffe on voc als; Thats All, (composer unannounced) arranged by Joe Macaroon; I Just Found Out About Love, by Don Amaze, Janice Gaffe back one more time on vocals; and Sidewinder by Lee Morgan. Ascending, by Fred Strum was an interesting piece with dynamic contrast.There were many loud and soft from pianissimo all the way to fortissimo. This style was Latin straight eighth notes, beginning with the Plano playing what sounded to be off- key a bit, and the ascending scale melody was played with solos sounding improvisational in between. I could tell they werent always planned, as the members would look and nod at each other as if to give the go ahead, and Jam! The piece ended ostentation, until finally leaving drums and piano alone playing pianissimo; it almost sounded like rain.Easy Money, by Benny Carter was smooth flowing piece played mezzo forte (for the most part until trumpets took over), with a swing feel to It. Horns were the highlight, so much that It was difficult to hear the Plano at times. Despite that, many had solos including the piano, saxophone, trumpet, and trombone. The homophobic melody with its laid back quality in my opinion embodied Jazz as it is best known. When I think of jazz, a piece like Easy Money is what comes to mind. This version of Thats All was arranged by the bands very own Joe Mozzarella.Joe is a trumpet player, and you can sure bet that this piece had a lot of horn! The way Vive heard the song before It has a smooth, slow tempo that almost double-time, double forte feel. The song was turned from a lounge, calming, and romantic effect to big band, swing, and excitement. The songs first note was double forte and remained that way for what seemed like the entire time. Solos included the IANA, alto sax. Check De Sadder (No More Blues), by Stan Get was a Brazilian Jazz samba style piece.This song was a slower tempo, with a flexible, fluid yet tight rhythmic form played mezzo forte. No More Blues featured the guitar much more. I wasnt able to hear the guitar very well in the other pieces. It began with the horn completely solo for a few bars, until the bass crept in, and tenor took over for his solo. In this piece there was a lot going on from different sections. No two different instruments were playing in harmony. My favorite piece of the night was the very popular, Sing, Sing, Sing, by Benny Goodman. The energy was off the charts!Brian was especially in to it, even announcing before that he had forgot his sheet music, but no worries, Brian knew the piece and his solo from memory. This piece reminded me of my grandfather, Alfred, best known by, Jitterbug AH. When I came to visit, he was no doubt listening to Benny Goodman, Louis Armstrong, or Glenn Miller. Hearing this piece made me smile the entire time and memories flooded back. The big band swing sound played fortissimo, and my favorite instruments solos: upright bass, clarinet and drums. Brian killed it!Least favorite piece of the night was Relax Max, by Side Wayne. This piece featured Janice Gaffe on the vocals, and I give her great credit for handling those tricky lyrics. The piece was too busy for me, lyrically and therefore distracting from the band-?Just not the piece I preferred. And to this day, the song is still irritatingly stuck in my head! I would absolutely attend another one of these concerts. In fact, Im planning to attend again March 22nd with my significant other this time. Difference this go round is Ill be able to relax, and not have to take toes!The ambiance was great, the food was excellent, and the energy in the small room of good people listening to fantastic Jazz was wonderful. Jazz music has a way of saying, come as you are. It isnt Judgmental or stuffy; its cool, comfortable and exciting. Who would have thought Stockton had this hidden gem? I love music of all types, especially live entertainment. Being a clarinet player in band years ago, I appreciate the talent of these individuals and am so impressed by what seemingly comes easy to them. Theres something special about musically talented people.

The Dark Genius Of The Short Story free essay sample

Essay, Research Paper Many writers have made great parts to the universe of literature. Mark Twain introduced Americans to life on the Mississippi. Jack London told of the bravery of many on the Alaskan Frontier. Another writer that made an influence on literature is Edgar Allan Poe. Poe is known as the male parent of the American short narrative. To understand the literary parts of Edgar Allan Poe, one must look at his early life, his literary life, and a sum-up of two of his celebrated plants. Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston, Massachusetts on January 19, 1809 ( Stern xi ) . He was born to a southern household that was in a going company of histrions ( Marks 2 ) . His male parent, David Poe, was from a Baltimore household. He was an histrion by profession but his household would state he made a calling out of imbibing, non moving. Soon after Edgar Allan Poe was born, he left his household. We will write a custom essay sample on The Dark Genius Of The Short Story or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Poe # 8217 ; s female parent, Elizabeth Arnold Poe, was a widow at the age of 18 ( Porges 32 ) . Two old ages after his birth, she died of TB ( Stern xi ) . When his female parent died, Poe was adopted by John Allan ( Stern xi ) at the goad of Mr. Allan # 8217 ; s married woman. In 1815, John Allan moved his household to England. While at that place, Poe was sent to private schools which he described as dark, antediluvian, mazes ( Stern, Edgar Allen Poe Visitor for the Night of Time 42 ) . In the spring of 1826, Poe entered the University of Virginia. There he studied Spanish, Gallic, Italian, and Latin. He had an first-class pedant record, but he got into troubles about at one time. Mr. Allan did non supply him with the money to pay for his fees and other necessities. Poe was confused and homesick. He learned to play cards and started imbibing. Soon he was in debt over two thousand dollars. Poe discovered that he could notClint Fiore 2 depend upon Allan for fiscal support. His Foster male parent refused to pay his debts, and Poe had to retreat from the University ( Haines 62 ) . In May of 1827, Poe enlisted in the ground forces as a common soldier. He did this under the name of Edgar A. Perry ( Porges 43 ) . He was stationed on Sullivan # 8217 ; s Island in Charleston Harbor for over a twelvemonth. Poe adapted really good to military subject and rapidly rose to the rank of regimental sergeant major. After a piece, he got tired of the same day-to-day modus operandi involved in military life. Poe wrote on a regular basis to Mr. Allan. He met with Mr. Allan after the decease of Mrs. Allan in February of 1829. With Allan # 8217 ; s support, he received his discharge and enlisted in West Point on July 1, l830 ( Stern xii ) . While at West Point, Mr. Allan, who had remarried, continued in non supplying Poe with adequate money. Poe decided to hold himself kicked out of school. Cuting categories and ignoring orders were his solutions ( Porges 44 ) . He was court-martialed for disregard of responsibilities in January, 1831, and left West Point the following month ( Stern xii ) . Poe was great in three different Fieldss, and in each 1 he made a repute that would give any adult male a high topographic point in literary history. Poe wrote great short narratives, celebrated non merely in his ain state, but all over the universe ( Stern, Edgar Allen Poe Visitor from the Night of Time 12 ) . Hawthorne, Irving, Balzac, Bierce, Crane, Hemingway and other authors have given us memorable short narratives ; but none has produced so great a figure of celebrated and unforgettable illustrations, so many narratives that continue, Clint Fiore 3 despite altering criterions to be read and reprinted once more and once more throughout the universe ( Porges 15 ) . Poe was the male parent of the modern short narrative, and the modern detective narrative ( Porges 19 ) . In 1831, Poe succeeded in printing a new edition of his verse form entitled, Poems. Poe was now in great trouble. He went to New York, but could happen no occupation at that place. Finally he took safety with his aunt, Mrs. Clemm, in Baltimore. There he decided to seek employment and do his life by composing. Failing to acquire attending with his verse forms, he decided to get down composing short narratives. Poe competed in a competition for the best short narrative in 1831 ( Stern xii ) . The award was offered by Phil-Saturday Courier. Because he did non win the award, Poe started on an ambitious undertaking. He decided to be after a series of narratives told by members of a literary group. He found no publishing house for his narratives, and entered the competition once more in June of 1835. This timehe sent one verse form and six narratives ( Porges 46 ) . His narrative, # 8 220 ; Ms. Found in a Bottle, # 8221 ; won, and he received one hundred dollars for it ( Porges 46 ) . Through the influence of one of the Judgess, John P. Kennedy, Poe became employed as an editor of the Southern Literary Messenger, published in Richmond ( Stern xiii ) . Under Poe # 8217 ; s editorship, the Messenger # 8217 ; s circulation rose from 500 to 3500. While in Richmond, Poe married his cousi n, Virginia, who was non rather 14 old ages old. Poe was fired from the Messenger in January of 1837 ( austere twelve ) . Poe so went to New York, where he was unsuccessful. In the summer of 1838, he moved to Philadelphia. While in Philadelphia, he worked as the editor of both Burton’s Gentleman’s Magazine and Graham’s Magazine ( Stern xii ) . Even though he won a one hundred dollar award for â€Å"The Gold Bug† ( Porges 47 ) , he moved to New York. Poe found a occupation in New York as an helper editor for the Evening Mirror. This was where â€Å"The Raven† foremost appeared on January 29, 1845. The verse form instantly caught the imaginativeness of the public andClint Fiore 4 was reprinted all over the state and even abroad in all sorts of newspapers and magazines, but Poe pocketed merely a few dollars for his verse form ( Marks 2 ) . The twelvemonth of 1845 was a lucky twelvemonth for Poe. He published a aggregation of his Tales and an edition of his verse form named The Raven and Other Poems. He besides became the editor of the hebdomadal Broadway Journal. Poe broke down when Virginia died in January of 1848 ( Porges 49 ) . In 1849, Poe died in Baltimore ( Stern xiv ) . Alternatively of truly living, he took safety from the physical universe in the private universe of his dreams-in other words-in the universe of his narratives ( Marks 2 ) . # 8221 ; In the # 8220 ; Masque of the Red Death # 8221 ; , Poe uses his imaginativeness throughout the narrative. A pestilence has devastated the full state. It takes merely half an hr for the disease to run it? s class. At first one feels crisp strivings and giddiness. Then one starts shed blooding at the pores. The disease consequences in decease. Prince Prospero has ordered one 1000 Godheads and ladies to the deep privacy of one of his abbeys. The edifice was built by the Prince and is filled with his alien decorations. It is sealed from the outside universe by a immense wall with Fe Gatess. Inside the edifice are terpsichoreans, instrumentalists, and everything they need in order to remain secluded until the pestilence runs its class. After six months of privacy, the Prince decides to keep a cloaked ball. The ball is held in a suite with seven suites. Each room is decorated in a individual colour. The last room is decorated in ruddy. Within this room stands a immense clock that strikes the hr with a heavy clank. The suites are really crowded for the ball. At the shot of midnight, a invitee is seen in a costume of the ruddy decease itself and this frightens the other invitees. ThePrince is angered at what he believes to be a practical gag. He orders the alien seized and hanged from the c renelations. Prince Prospero follows the alien into the ruddy chamber. It is at that place that Prince Prospero falls dead at the pess of the alien. The others capture the unknown individual in the costume. To their horror they find there is no populating signifier in the costume. One by one they die until no 1 else remains. Death is king of all ( Porges 85 ) . The horrorClint Fiore 5 abysmal darkness, and absolute weakness bechancing the victims are described with graphic truth in narratives such as? The Fall of the House of Usher, ? ? The Cask of Amontillado, ? and? The Premature Burial? ( Marks 4 ) . # 8221 ; In # 8220 ; The Fall of the House of Usher, # 8221 ; the storyteller visits his insane friend, Roderick Usher. Usher # 8217 ; s house is immense and glooming. His twin sister, Madeline, gets ill and dies. The storyteller and Usher topographic point her in a grave in the cellar of Usher # 8217 ; s house. What they do non recognize is that she is still hardly alive. Usher keeps on hearing sounds over the following twosome of yearss. The 7th twenty-four hours after Madeline # 8217 ; s decease, a bad storm appears. The storyteller and Usher open the door of the storyteller # 8217 ; s room and Madeline falls on Usher. They both die. The storyteller so leaves the house. As he rides off, the house collapses to the floor ( Haines 21 ) . The Dark Genius of the Short Story Clint FioreE2Pre-Ap-8December 2, 1998 Clint FioreE2Pre-AP8December 2, 1998 The Dark Genius of the Short StoryThesis Sentence: To understand Poe? s parts to the fullest, we must look at his life, literary calling, and a sum-up of two of his celebrated plants. I. Early Life of Edgar Allen PoeII. Literary Career of Edgar Allen PoeIII. Hagiographas of Edgar Allen PoeA. ? Masque of the Red Death? B. ? Fall of the House of Usher? Clint FioreE2Pre-AP8December 2, 1998 BibliographyHaines, Charles. Edgar Allen Poe His Hagiographas and Influence. New York: Franklin Watts Inc. , 1947. Marks, Thomas. Poe, American Poet. hypertext transfer protocol: www.epoeindextml. April 6, 1996. Porges, Irwin. Edgar Allen Poe. Philadelphia: Chilton Books, 1963. Stern, Philip Van Doren. Edgar Allen Poe. New York: The Viking Press, 1945. Stern, Philip Van Doren. Edgar Allen Poe Visitor from the Night of Time. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co. , 1973.

Sugar Produces Bitter Results for the Environment

Sugar Produces Bitter Results for the Environment Sugar is present in products we consume every day, yet we rarely give a second thought to how and where it is produced and what toll it may take on the environment. Sugar Production Damages the Environment According to the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), roughly 145 million tons of sugars are produced in 121 countries each year. And sugar production does indeed take its toll on surrounding soil, water and air, especially in threatened tropical ecosystems near the equator. A 2004 report by WWF, titled â€Å"Sugar and the Environment,† shows that sugar may be responsible for more biodiversity loss than any other crop, due to its destruction of habitat to make way for plantations, its intensive use of water for irrigation, its heavy use of agricultural chemicals, and the polluted wastewater that is routinely discharged in the sugar production process. Environmental Damage from Sugar Production Is Widespread One extreme example of environmental destruction by the sugar industry is the Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Australia. Waters around the reef suffer from large quantities of effluents, pesticides, and sediment from sugar farms, and the reef itself is threatened by the clearing of land, which has destroyed the wetlands that are an integral part of the reef’s ecology. Meanwhile, in Papua New Guinea, soil fertility has declined by about 40 percent over the last three decades in heavy sugar cane cultivation regions. And some of the world’s mightiest rivers- including the Niger in West Africa, the Zambezi in Southern Africa, the Indus River in Pakistan, and the Mekong River in Southeast Asia- have nearly dried up as a result of thirsty, water-intensive sugar production. Do Europe and the U.S. Produce Too Much Sugar? WWF blames Europe and, to a lesser extent, the United States, for over-producing sugar because of its profitability and therefore large contribution to the economy. WWF and other environmental groups are working on public education and legal campaigns to try to reform the international sugar trade. â€Å"The world has a growing appetite for sugar,† says Elizabeth Guttenstein of the World Wildlife Fund. â€Å"Industry, consumers and policy makers must work together to make sure that in the future sugar is produced in ways that least harm the environment.† Can Everglades Damage From Sugar Cane Farming be Reversed? Here in the United States the health of one of the country’s most unique ecosystems, Florida’s Everglades, is seriously compromised after decades of sugar cane farming. Tens of thousands of acres of the Everglades have been converted from teeming sub-tropical forest to lifeless marshland due to excessive fertilizer run-off and drainage for irrigation. A tenuous agreement between environmentalists and sugar producers under a â€Å"Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan† has ceded some sugar cane land back to nature and reduced water usage and fertilizer run-off. Only time will tell if these and other restoration efforts will help bring back Florida’s once teeming â€Å"river of grass.† Edited by Frederic Beaudry

Analyze Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Analyze - Assignment Example In this regard, it becomes less expensive to settle sovereign debt and penetrate integrated financial markets (Figge, 2010). Similarly, currency unions also help to promote trade liberalization because of the uniformity in the exchange values. For instance, during global inflationary periods, countries worst hit do not suffer from financial losses when trading with their partners (Figge, 2010). However, challenges also occur due to currency unions, sovereign debts and integrated financial markets. For example, there is the loss of an independent monetary policy, which affects the moderation of demand stocks and curbing of inflation rates (Figge, 2010). This implies that a country may be unable to execute monetary policies during inflation because it might affect international trade. It is apparent that introducing other monetary policies might involve the formation of a central bank to oversee the process. Another disadvantage is that currency unions may have a negative influence on developing countries when making investment decisions (Figge, 2010). This is because it limits the budget of the developing countries that cannot raise the required funds to initiate investments in the developed economies. The evolution of money involves the development of a medium of exchange unit during transactions. The first transaction was barter trade, which entails trading goods and services for other similar commodities. This implies that one would exchange his goods with other goods he needs or suits his wants. One of the cons of this system is that it enabled people to get what they wanted easily. This is because the two parties would agree on the commodities to exchange without problems (Davies & Julian Hodge Bank, 2002). Alternatively, it faced the problem of double coincidence of requirements in which one party had to fulfill the wants of the other. For instance, a person who had goats and wanted grains would not do

Commercialisation Plan for Nano Tube Solar Panels Technology. It is Research Paper

Commercialisation Plan for Nano Tube Solar Panels Technology. It is one of the assignments for Innovation Management Topic - Research Paper Example Many devices have been developed for this from the ancient times itself; one of them is the solar panels, which is used to capture and convert solar energy into thermal energy. But the key challenge in solar panel technology is the identification of efficient and cost effective method to convert, store and use solar energy. This has encouraged the development of Nano Tube Solar Panels. It advanced solution to energy requirements, that too in a cost effective manner with a greater efficiency. Earlier silicon panels were used which used highly doped p-n junction in between two pure silicon crystals to form the panel. This panel was so difficult to make as it requires semi conducting material which is highly doped with phosphorous or arsenic to give its character and it should be grown between two pure silicon crystals at high temperature. This manufacturing process is very costly as well involves many risks. Also this type of panels has very high payback time and very short life span T here is a wide need for a change in the source of energy for public and private requirements. Government announces some energy conservation plans, of which one of them was â€Å"non conventional energy sources like recovering energy like solar energy should be used for lighting at public places like street lights traffic etc† (Jain 2009, p. 254). ... Carbon nano tubes are intrinsic p-type semi conducting material, usually made of titanium dioxide nano particles or rolled up sheet of graphene. Unlike in earlier version, in which sunlight is converted into electrons and utilized as electric current, here sunlight is made into nano particles, which can increase the efficiency by a larger means. According to Nanowelded Carbon Nanotubes: From Field-Effect Transistors to Solar Microcells Chongjin Chen, Yafei Zhang nanotubes are prepared by depositing organic films containing SWNTs on to a glass substrates coated with indium-tin oxide (ITO).As a final mix a sandwich configuration is made as Aluminum electrodes were thermally evaporated under vacuum to form a sandwich configuration. Because of the interaction of the carbon nanotubes with the polymer poly (3-octylthiophene) (P3OT), excitons generated by the light in the polymer allow charge separation of the photogenerated excitons in the polymer and efficient electron transport to the el ectrode through the nanotubes. The electrons travel through the entire nanotubes and then hop or tunnel to the next nanotubes. As a result of which electron mobility increases and balances the charge carrier transport to the electrodes. Here the composite’s conductivity is also increased by a factor of 10. This process can increase the photovoltaic performance, by increasing the photocurrent by more than two orders of magnitude and doubling the open circuit voltage. â€Å"Scientists now have a much better understanding of the complex interplay between the electronic and physical interaction polymer, and the fullerene component can assist in the design of the next generation of optimized organic solar cells† (Lau